What cert s do you currently hold? You can PM me if you want, just curious about something, but I need to know your cert status before I ask my second question. Thank you so much for sharing the labs, it's a great source to build experiance and skills not only for the exams.
Are you working in the Networking field?. Im curious how much of route and switch are in ccda? Gotta love overlap. Joshua : It's a different exam. I admit that Redovan's explanations are very technical. There's a more generic way to extract IOSv from Cisco's onePK SDK using VirtualBox for example all the Guest additions points are optional and are here to simplify your interaction with the windowing system and shared folders :.
Yeah I already followed the steps and have the VM running, just wondering if you used it and what you thought about it. I have quite a collection of VMs these days, good lookin' out on this, Jean! I keep an ESXi whitebox at the house for reasons like this.
I was running vSphere 6. For single CPU the license is free. As many as I've ever needed. Most I've tried to put on a box is at a time, not counting distributed virtual switches or uplink port groups.
With vSphere you not only get the ability to create virtual port groups read: VLANs , but also vSwitches read: virtual switches and vDS read: virtual distributed switch. With 5. Oh wait a minute, you are using Linux I wonder if there is a limitation with windows though VMware workstation for windows has a 20 VMnet limitation, while Vmware workstation for Linux can create Is it the same for both Windows and Linux with vSphere?
It does not run within an operating system, well, at least not in production. Like most everything, it could, but that would seriously hamper performance.
Sits right on the irons and everything else sits on top of it. Ah got it. I'll have to look more into that. I believe I actually have all of the software but I've never tried it out. I got it working in Win 7 only with graphic option no -nographic in settings but then it is CPU intensive; like gns3 was without idlepc;. My 9 routers take 90 seconds to resume to full running. Lol Matt. Considering you have a large topology and you have to clear all, time is wasted. Anyhow it was just an observation.
Any sugestion? If you encounter a technical issue on the site, please open a support case. Communities: Chinese Japanese Korean. All Rights Reserved. The Cisco Learning Network. Enterprise Certifications Community. View This Post. Edited by Admin February 16, at AM. Give it a shot and let us know! No problem. And you can also use it to manage Linux containers.
I've dropped Windows a long time ago. Guess why The following example demonstrates how to use the updated verify command on a Cisco IOS device:. In the preceding output, three MD5 hash values are displayed by the verify command.
The following is an explanation of each MD5 hash value:. In certain circumstances, network administrators may consider moving an existing Cisco IOS software image file from a Cisco IOS device to an administrative workstation.
Once on the administrative workstation, independent tools can be used to calculate the MD5 hash of the file. Two options are available for administrators to perform this task. One option allows the administrator to use the Cisco IOS software in use on the device to copy the stored Cisco IOS software image file to an administrative workstation.
If this process is being carried out for security reasons, administrators are advised to use a secure protocol such as SCP to transfer the file. This process is accomplished using the copy command as illustrated in the following example:. A second and recommended option, one that provides an additional level of security, is to restart a Cisco IOS device using a known-good version of Cisco IOS software from a trusted location.
Administrators can accomplish this task using the boot system global configuration command as illustrated in the following example:. Once the network device has been restarted with a known-good Cisco IOS image, a network administrator can verify the locally stored image using the verify command or by copying the Cisco IOS software image to a remote file server for offline verification. For additional information about copying, loading, and maintaining system images, reference the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.
Once a file is stored on an administrative workstation, a network administrator can verify the MD5 hash for that Cisco IOS image file using an MD5 hashing utility.
The following example demonstrates the MD5 calculation and file size display for Linux-based systems:. The following example shows the use of the fsum utility and the dir command on a Windows system:. Note: The use of the fsum utility is for illustrative purposes only and should not be interpreted as an endorsement of the tool. Once the MD5 hash and file size for a Cisco IOS software image has been collected, network administrators can verify authenticity of the image using information provided by the Cisco IOS Upgrade Planner tool during the download process.
Network administrators must identify their Cisco IOS software release this can be done by using information obtained from output provided by the show version command and navigate through the Cisco IOS Upgrade Planner tool to locate the image in use on the Cisco IOS device. Best practices require that network administrators know and trust the tools that can be used to verify the authenticity of a Cisco IOS software image.
This document explains those tools and highlights methods to minimize risk. Tim Sammut [email protected] Incident Manager.
Joseph Karpenko [email protected] Customer Support Engineer. Additional content produced by Security Intelligence Engineering is located in the Tactical Resources section of the Cisco Security portal. This document is part of the Cisco Security portal. Cisco provides the official information contained on the Cisco Security portal in English only. Your use of the information in the document or materials linked from the document is at your own risk. Cisco reserves the right to change or update this document without notice at any time.
How do you build Cisco networks in GNS3? I also show you how to add Docker containers to your network. Supply Chain Integrity To minimize the risk associated with malicious code, it is important that network administrators develop and consistently apply a secure methodology for Cisco IOS software image management. Once the image has been downloaded to an administrative workstation, the MD5 hash of the local file should be verified against the hash presented by the Cisco IOS Upgrade Planner.
Once the Cisco IOS software image file has been verified as authentic and unaltered, copy it to write-once media or media that can be rendered as read-only after the image has been written. Verify the MD5 hash of the file written to the read-only media to detect corruption during the copy process.
Remove the local file on the administrative workstation. Transfer the Cisco IOS software image from the file server to the Cisco IOS device using a secure protocol that provides both authentication and encryption. Reload the Cisco IOS device to place the new software into service. Implement Change Control Change control is a mechanism through which changes being made to network devices are requested, approved, implemented, and audited.
Harden the Software Distribution Server The server that is used to distribute software to Cisco IOS devices in the network is a critical component of network security. These best practices include: Application of well established operating system hardening procedures that are specific to the operating system in use. Configuration of all appropriate logging and auditing capabilities, including logging to write-once media. Placement of the software distribution server on a secure network with restricted connectivity from all but the most trusted networks.
The use of restrictive security controls to limit interactive access as an example, SSH to only a subset of trusted network administrators.
Utilize Up-to-Date Software Cisco IOS software used in the network must be kept up-to-date so that new security functionality can be leveraged and exposure to known vulnerabilities disclosed through Cisco Security Advisories is minimal.
Leverage Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting The comprehensive implementation of Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting AAA is critical to ensuring the security of interactive access to network devices. Limit Interactive Access to Devices Once AAA has been implemented to control which users can log in to particular network devices, access control should be implemented to limit from which IP addresses users may perform management functions on a network device.
Leverage Centralized and Comprehensive Logging For network administrators to understand events taking place on a network, a comprehensive logging structure using centralized log collection and correlation must be implemented.
The attempted execution of certain high risk EXEC commands. The copy , gdb , more , configure and tclsh commands are some examples of commands that should be monitored.
This list is not exhaustive. Modification of the boot environment in use on the network devices. This specifically includes the boot and config-register global configuration commands. Modification of the security configuration for a Cisco IOS device. This may include the removal of VTY access classes or the logging configuration or the addition of new administrative users. Logging related to the insertion or removal of storage media, such as flash devices. The planned and unplanned reload of the Cisco IOS software due to a software crash or the use of the reload command.
If provided, the verify command will compare the calculated and provided MD5 hashes as illustrated in the following example: If the network administrator provides an MD5 hash that does not match the hash calculated by the MD5 File Validation feature, an error message will be displayed. Configuring the file verify auto Command Network administrators can use the file verify auto global configuration command to enable verification of all images that are either copied using the copy privileged EXEC command or loaded using the reload privileged EXEC command.
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